AUTHORS

 

INTRODUCTION

I. SOCIOCULTURAL REALITY AND PRESENT-DAY BERTSOLARITZA

1. The environment in which bertsolaritza finds itself: the basque-speaking (euskaldun) community

2. Sociocultural relevance of bertsolaritza within this basque-speaking community

3. Bertsolaritza today


II. ACHIEVING A BALANCE AMONGST THE CHALLENGES FACING BERTSOLARITZA: KEYS TO THE CREATIVITY OF THE TRADITION


III. THE PROCESS OF CREATING IMPROVISED BERTSOS


IV. PROPOSALS FOR A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

 

V. GLOSSARY

1 The environment in which bertsolaritza finds itself: the
Basque-speaking (euskaldun) community

Bertsolaritza is a cultural expression with its own specific consumption within the Euskaldun culture(16). To understand bertsolaritza, we have to provide some data about the Euskaldun linguistic community.

The Euskaldun community is a linguistic community of some 600,000 speakers(17) spread over four provinces inside the Spanish State and three within the French Republic. The total population in this Basque territory is about three million. We are, therefore, a community of speakers who are a minority in their native land.

It is also a linguistic community with a long and great history. The latest research in a number of scientific disciplines would appear to confirm its pre-Indo-European origin, and current data shows it to be one of the oldest linguistic communities in Europe and in the world. It is important to be aware of the key steps in its evolution; key moments, events and activities involved in a resistance to the disappearance of its roots; to be aware of its adaptation in a myriad of epochs, of invasions, empires and other contexts, all this and continuing to be what it was. These keys and intuitions also impregnate the way in which we face the future of bertsolaritza, as they reappear in our struggle to assure the Euskaldun linguistic community that future as a cultural community.

So, bertsolaritza has had a remarkable trajectory of survival and adaptation in a small community, but it faces a serious challenge for the future. A challenge of survival as, in some areas, it is on the point of extinction and is seriously threatened by novel forms of cultural and linguistic uniformity. It is a challenge, nevertheless, which the wide spectrum of people who support the art are taking on more and more in the activist and entertaining sense of the term than in its negative or dramatic one.